Health Informatics and Emerging Technologies Research Paper

Health Informatics and Emerging Technologies - Research Paper Example Electronic Health Record (HER) is a form of a longitudinal computerized health record that comprises of digitalized health information about a population or individual patients (Smaltz, 2007). Statement The health data in electronic form is generated and stored in medical institutions with the help of microchips, smart cards, etc. Then, such records can be accessed or be shared across within several healthcare settings through a network connection of information systems. The data contained in such records are in summary form and may include; laboratory test results, billing information, medical history and other essential medical data. This advancement in technology in medical field has enabled competent health record keeping, streamlined work flow, quality management, and safety and evidence based decision with supporting documents. Effective maintenance of electronic health records is a key component for the efficient functioning of healthcare organizations. As these records contai ns very sensitive information and personal details about the patients, leakage of which could adversely affect the patients’ personal as well as the professional life and also the organization’s standing. However, there are certain disadvantages with this Health informatics based system particularly related to high cost involved in installing and implementing the system, legal issues, etc. Although, there are demerits, there are many more merits for this system, and this paper will discuss how those merits can aid in the optimal functioning of Healthcare organizations. In addition, even the demerits can be managed, if correct steps are taken. Reduced Health Care Costs Imaging is a major contributor towards the increase in health care costs. Irrespective of the medical insurance safeguards, spending on imaging makes a lot of people avoid accessing medical services. However, this problem can become a thing of the past if the health care providers adopt the electronic hea lth records system, as it is an effective way of averting the normal at the same time expensive duplicating imaging procedures. Apart from the cost factor, by going for electronic storing and transfer of imaging outputs will also increase the efficiency of the doctors in correct diagnosis. This was validated by a study conducted by Garrido et al. (2005) in Colorado and Northwest regions of Kaiser Permanente, a US integrated healthcare delivery system, using the population of 367, 795 members in the Colorado region and 449, 728 members in the Northwest region as the sample size. The results showed that after â€Å"more recent increases in general use of imaging inside and outside Kaiser Permanente†¦The chief of radiology in the Colorado region believed strongly that availability of electronic records to all carers improved interpretation of films.† (Garrido et al. 2005). Storage of physical records requires large amount of space which translate to expensive storage, costs which can be easily cut down with the usage of EHRs. In addition, physical medical records may be stored in different areas and therefore induces the cost of transporting them where they are required. Bringing them to a single location for usage by health care providers is not only time consuming but also costly. Some times such records might be needed in multiple locations at the same time whereby there must be faxing or transporting costs incurred. All these can be taken care of by using the EHRs. Quality Health

ECH125 T5CulturalInstructionalStrategies Essay Example for Free

ECH125 T5CulturalInstructionalStrategies Essay Perdew Maria SEVEN-YEAR-OLD MARIA IS AN OUTGOING, HAPPY SECOND-GRADER WITH STRONG LITERACY SKILLS; IN FACT, SHE IS BILINGUAL, SPANISH/ENGLISH. HER FAVORITE PART OF SCHOOL IS READING AND WRITING STORIES. SHE ALSO ENJOYS MATH. SHE IS VERY ACTIVE AND ENJOYS RECESS AND CREATING DANCE STEPS IN PE. SHE IS SENSITIVE AND CAN GET HER FEELINGS HURT EASILY. CULTURAL (ANTI-BIAS) AND INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES: ?CULTURAL USE THE READING AND WRITING LOVE AND HAVE READING AND WRITING ASSIGNMENTS/ACTIVITIES IN SPANISH AND ENGLISH. ?INSTRUCTIONAL INTRODUCE MORE COMPLEX READING LEVELS, WORK ONE ON ONE WITH HER TO BEGIN WRITING STORY SUMMARIES AND IDENTIFYING THE MAIN IDEA. RESULTS OF MENTOR TEACHER DISCUSSIONS: WE DISCUSSED THE IMPORTANCE OR REALLY HORNING IN ON STUDENT’S STRENGTHS TO PUSH HER TO ENSURE THE STUDENT IS LEARNING SOMETHING NEW. Ashley SIX-YEAR-OLD ASHLEY IS THE YOUNGEST OF FIVE CHILDREN. SHE IS VERY SHY AND CLINGS TO HER OLDER SISTER EACH DAY WHEN SHE BRINGS HER INTO THE FIRST GRADE CLASSROOM. ASHLEY IS CURIOUS; HER FAVORITE PART OF SCHOOL IS DOING SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS. SHE READS AT A PRIMER LEVEL, BUT ENJOYS HAVING PEOPLE READ TO HER. CULTURAL (ANTI-BIAS) AND INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES: ?CULTURAL INTRODUCE STRATEGIES FOR HER TO FOCUS IN ON HER CURIOSITY AND BLOSSOM THROUGH HER LOVE FOR SCIENCE. ?INSTRUCTIONAL TURN FOCUS TO SIGHT WORDS AT HER LEVEL AND START WORKING ON GETTING HER INTO A TITLE READING GROUP SO SHE CAN GET THE EXTRA WORK IN READING. RESULTS OF MENTOR TEACHER DISCUSSIONS: WE TALKED ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF IDENTIFY WHEN A CHILD NEEDS EXTRA WORK SUCH AND A TITLE READING GROUP AND ABOUT HOW EVEN THOUGH THEY ARE IN A OUTSIDE READING GROUP THEY STILL NEED TO BE INVOLVED IN THE CLASSROOM READINGS ASÂ  WELL. Xavier XAVIER IS A KINDERGARTENER WHO REALLY ENJOYS SPORTS, PARTICULARLY BASEBALL. HE HAS LOW LITERACY SKILLS. HE IS VERY SOCIAL AND ENJOYS INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER CHILDREN DURING RECESS, CLASS ACTIVITIES, AND AT THE COMPUTER. HE IS A HANDS-ON LEARNER, CONFIDENT, AND A RISK-TAKER. CULTURAL (ANTI-BIAS) AND INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES: ?CULTURAL USE HIS INTERESTS IN SPORTS AND COMPUTERS TO HELP KEEP HIM INTERESTED IN READING. ?INSTRUCTIONAL BUILD ON HIS CONFIDENCE AND HAVE HIM LEAD OTHERS STUDENTS WHEN Â © 2014. GRAND CANYON UNIVERSITY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Essay --

One third of the United States population complains of insomnia, with about one More than 40% of those suffering from insomnia self- medicate with over the counter drugs (OTC) or with other substances such as alcohol. 2 half of those are saying it’s serious.1 Insomnia is defined by inability to initiate or maintain sleep despite of adequate time and opportunity to sleep which results in daytime impairment.2 time it’s characterized as problems with either sleep onset, sleep maintenance, or non- restorative sleep. Impairments associated with insomnia can lead to: impaired cognitive functioning, increased incidence of bodily pain, increased future risk of psychiatric disorders, increased risk of accidents, and increased healthcare cost.3 also have negative health consequences on obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes.4 There are four different types of insomnia.2,5 3 days in duration, most likely cause is acute situational or environmental stressors. Second is short term insomnia less than 3 weeks caused by personal stress of an ongoing nature. Third type is chronic primary insomnia with duration of more than 3 weeks not related to lifestyle may be due to medical causes. Finally the forth type is a chronic secondary insomnia with duration of more than 3 weeks related to lifestyle likely caused psychological illness, substance abuse, behavioral cause(poor sleep hygiene). Secondary chronic insomnia may be caused by comorbid diseases such as: heart failure, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, sleep apnea, medications, substance abuse, restless leg syndrome or circadian rhythm sleep disorders. As far as the medications are concerned possible medication classes that cause insomnia are antidepressant... ... choice for sleep onset insomnia. Appropriate drugs may include zaleplon, zolpidem IR, ramelteon and triazolam. However, rebound insomnia may be a problem with short acting benzodiazepines like triazolam. Moreover, sleep maintenance insomnia are most appropriately treated with drugs that have an intermediate duration and no active metabolites to minimize daytime effects such as : zolpidem, eszopiclone, temazepam, and estazolam may be appropriate choices. Also, zaleplon can be taken after awakening in the night if > 4 hr left for sleep. Attached are the tables with drug treatment options for insomnia, and questionnaires to assess the initial insomnia and post treatment. Nevertheless sedative-hypnotics should only be used in the lowest effective dose (to decrease the next day morning impairment) for a short duration of time in treatment of insomnia.

Why special needs children should be mainstreamed

This article spends the bulk of its clip informing the reader of the different facts behind the history of mainstreaming instruction. It begins with a glossary of different footings that are used when discoursing mainstreaming. This glossary becomes rather utile, in that it relates the reader to terminology such as, IDEA, which is the Persons with Disabilities Education Act, or IEPT which is Individualized Education Planning Team. It so moves on to the background of mainstream instruction. It shows the economic facets every bit good, demoing that to educate a mentally impaired kid it costs about three times the sum it does to educate a kid that is non mentally impaired. It so goes on to advert how Michigan has gone supra and beyond the federal Torahs when related to mainstream instruction. The article concludes by adverting the rapid growing of particular instruction, which besides means an addition in the demand for mainstreaming these kids. This article is a firsthand history of what one instructor has learned after learning kids that have been mainstreamed. She makes three points about what demand to be realized about mainstreaming in her article. The first thing she points out is a immense barrier towards mainstreaming. The writer points out that kids that are mentally impaired and mainstreamed, are by and large self-aware about it, and hence do non desire to pull attending to themselves, and so make non inquire inquiries, because they do non desire to look foolish. She so points out that kids that are non mentally impaired do non inquire inquiries because they do non desire to be looked at as the dense pupil. Another point that this writer makes is that mentally impaired pupils need one-on-one contact with a instructor, which can be hard when being mainstreamed, and being in category with 30 or more other pupils. This article was really enlightening, in demoing the differences between mainstreaming instruction for mentally impaired pupils, and the thought of inclusion. Perles points out that the chief difference between the two is the sum of support the pupil gets from instructors and other staff. Another big difference between the two is the outlook of the pupil. When being mainstreamed a mentally impaired pupil is expected to larn at a similar gait as the other pupils, although a small spot slower, when traveling through inclusion the outlooks are much lower, but are still related to what is expected of the other pupils. The thought behind mainstreaming is to assist a pupil better academically and socially by being given higher outlooks, and being around other pupils. The thought behind inclusion is assisting mentally impaired pupils better socially by puting them in schoolrooms with other pupils, instead than concentrate on faculty members. This article points out non merely some of the benefits of mainstream instruction, but besides some marks to state whether or non a pupil should be mainstreamed or non. The writer points out instantly that taking whether or non to mainstream a kid is a personal pick for any parent of a particular needs kid. She so mentions some of the factors one should see when make up one's minding whether or non to mainstream their kid. First, a parent should see the noise degree of a schoolroom, and whether their kid would be able to work with an increased noise degree, as compared to a schoolroom that contains other mentally impaired pupils merely. Another of import factor is how the kid behaves normally in public, if the kid is person that is non capable of acting themselves around other people in public, so they would non profit from being mainstreamed. The writer goes on to advert that mainstreaming can hold positive effects on all kids, the mentally disabled kids gain the societal accomplish ments, and derive friendly relationships, while other kids, without those disabilities learn how to handle people that are different than they are. This article attempts to present the reader to the construct of mainstreaming mentally impaired kids in public instruction. The writer starts the article by specifying what inclusion is. He so points out that there are two chief types of inclusion. Inclusion itself is when particular demands kids spends a few categories with general instruction classs, and so pass the remainder of the twenty-four hours with the particular instruction categories, whereas Full-inclusion is when particular needs kids spend the full twenty-four hours in general instruction categories. Full-inclusion frequently means that there is either no particular instruction schoolroom, or that there are really few pupils in at that place, with merely one or two instructors. As the writer points out, inclusion is popular for a few grounds, first it follows the American with Disabilities Education Act ( aka IDEA ) , and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Another large ground that inclusion is a popular thought is that it is cost effectual, by incorporating mentally disabled pupils into general instruction schoolrooms, schools do non necessitate to engage as many staff members as they would if they were unable to mainstream those pupils. Arguably the biggest job confronting inclusion is the deficiency of general instruction instructors being trained so that they are able to learn both the mentally disabled pupils and the other pupils reasonably, without being excessively hard on the mentally handicapped, and without being excessively simple for the remainder of the category. This article looks at the practicality of inclusion. The writer spends most of the article informing the reader about some of the jobs that face inclusion, and the practicality of it. She mentions that one of the biggest jobs confronting inclusion is that the instructors need to be trained in how to learn, non merely general instruction pupils, but besides mentally impaired pupils, and non merely separately, but both at the same clip. What the reader needs to recognize, nevertheless, is that the writer is non merely playing Satans advocator for inclusion, but instead, the writer is indicating out the defects with full-inclusion, which is easy the more hard of the two when it comes to execution. Unfortunately, many of the points that are brought up in this article that have become outdated, and this is non the mistake of the writer. The article was originally published in October 1997. Over the last 13 old ages, while the jobs that are brought frontward by the writer have non been sol ved, but at that place have been paces to better these jobs, and they are being solved reasonably quickly. This article informs the reader of what an inclusive school is like. The writer points out that if inclusion is traveling to be successful, so the mentally impaired pupils need to be viewed the same as any other pupil, by every other pupil. Until this happens, inclusion can non be considered complete, or successful. The writer besides includes a chart of things that inclusion seeks to make in any schoolroom, things that it tries to make less of, and things it tries to make more of. This includes things like Less whole category teacher-directed direction and More attending to affectional demands and the changing cognitive manners of single pupils. If inclusion is traveling to work so schools need to turn to the points that this writer brings up, and either work out the jobs associated with them, or implement the different thoughts. This article sets out to open the eyes of the reader to the existent grounds behind the mainstream motion. The writer points out instantly the grounds that she believes mainstream instruction has become such a popular thought. The writers first ground for the popularity behind the popularity it has incurred is cost. It is a batch cheaper to pay for a few instructors that can learn both mentally disabled kids, and general instruction kids, than wage for instructors for each separately. The ground is non so that schools can do more money by non paying for single particular instruction teachers, but instead because schools are confronting more and more budget cuts, particularly in Michigan, schools need to happen manner to cut costs, and by doing particular needs kids take category with general instruction pupils the school does non hold to pay for an excess teacher. The writer so mentions that this is all being done deceivingly, by mentioning that this is being done so that mentally im paired kids are treated with equality, when compared to other kids, people decide that these kids need to be mainstreamed, and the terminal consequence is that they may non be acquiring the instruction they would be acquiring if they were non being mainstreamed. This article is alone from the remainder in that it non merely supports the thought of mainstream instruction, but the article lists seven stairss that parents of mentally disabled kids should travel through to assist find whether or non they should see mainstreaming their kid. The writer besides mentions that while mainstreaming is something to see, there are certain fortunes that one needs to believe about earlier merely presuming that mainstreaming their kid is the right manner to travel. Before one determines that they will partake with a mainstream-style instruction for their kid they need to see the badness of their kids damage. If their kid is badly impaired, or needs a batch of single attending, so the kid can non work in a mainstream environment, and it would destroy the categories that they would go to. But, if you determine that your kid will be able to manage mainstream instruction, they should. There have been surveies that have shown that kids that go through mainstream instruction go more functioning parts of society than those that were isolated in merely particular instruction schoolrooms. One key point that the writer did do is that mainstream instruction demands to turn to the demands of the mentally impaired kid, while still turn toing what the other pupils need academically. This article decidedly seems to be the most cheerful about mainstream instruction. The writer references that for mainstream instruction to work parents necessitate to be involved, but allow the kids believe they are the ground that everything is working so good. While the parents need to let their kids to believe this duty is theirs entirely, the parents besides play a important function in how effectual mainstream instruction will be for their kid. The parents need to back up their kids, while keeping a moderately high degree of outlooks for their kids, and this manner the pupil will make their maximal potency. One really of import factor that the3 writer points out is that, while parents can presume that the people in charge of running mainstream instruction have their kids best involvement in head, the parents are the lone people that are traveling to be worried about their kid above all else. Parents need to be the figure one advocator for their kid, or they will non acquire wha t they want out of mainstream instruction. This article points out something that none of the others has, mainstream instruction does non merely impact the parents, and mentally handicapped kid. Mainstream instruction affects the full household, siblings can frequently clock feel isolated from their parents when all of this attending is traveling to merely one of their kids. The writer points out that one thing that parents should look into is happening some signifier of support for everyone in the household.

Territory and borders are increasingly irrelevant in todays global economy

The natural way we imagine the concept of territory and borders is through a nation state, since defining one is a bit of a tricky task but for our purposes, a nation state can be defined as one which has a functioning centralised government put in place that possesses the ability to exercise authority over a distinctive territory. Unless you’re over the age sixty you've only ever known a world of nation states. Nationhood and empire have long been the dominant way we’ve organized ourselves economically, politically and socially or at least the way that other people have organized us, the ottomans to former Soviet Union and the United States are great examples, but the global market exceeds that level of influence or with no fixed borders. The shrinking world concept best describes the globalisation process with regional integration, plus increasing transborder flows, put a big question mark on the importance of state sovereignty and territorial borders with more Internationalisation taking place. However in the mitts of this global downturn state sovereignty and territorial borders have taken resurgence in importance so liberalisation that took place in the boom years is now being met with serious criticism. Quote by The Economist ‘The world became as tightly linked, economically, as it had ever been. It makes perfect sense that a downturn anywhere would become a downturn everywhere. Previously Borders were becoming less of significant issue in Europe, since the European Union was established back in 1957 with six original member’s states which now include nineteen more in this economic and political union centralised in Brussels. The ability of free movement of EU citizens between member states plus the easy transfer of goods to trade in 27 economies with lower taxation are obvious incentives to join, however with the decision making coming from one centralised location by imposing polices that have not been produced and approved by individual states means the ability of those individual representatives have a tougher time in truly representing the interest of their people, this would be more challenging for minority members to get a equal say so as more established members. By trying to get rid of these barriers contributed unintentionally to internal divisions, resulting in stronger claim of peripheral borders. Events such as the ones which occurred in the Arab world have contributed to an already tense situation with patrols in the Mediterranean built up now titling Europe Fortress Europe. Only the India- Pakistan, the Senkaku Islands conflict and Cambodia-Thailand probably the most blatant incidences of the frequent significance of borders. The contrast effects globalisation can have on two different nation states, the tiny Mediterranean state of Monaco smallest country in the world after Vatican City to Ethiopia 27th largest country in the are complete polar opposites. Monaco being is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. ‘The principality also is a major banking center and has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, non-polluting industries’. So will argue Ethiopia's economy on the reliant on agricultural employing eighty five percent of its workforce which suffers from poor farming practices and regular occurring droughts which is made worst their borders is being compromised by the participation in transnational agency by the effects of the enhanced green house effect. So the size of territory is insignificant Monaco knowing already that’s it’s at a disadvantage due to size with no recognised natural resources has specialized itself into a service based sectors employing 95% of its workforce which has a better compatibility with today’s globalized world. A viewpoint which you receive might come from someone with a more nationalistic that says that the significant of territory and borders are more important to today than at any other period in time, you may point out the significant GDP and wealth destructions difference between Monaco and Ethiopia as a clear winner in the discussion but Monaco role and the activi ties it plays in the global market place leave it quite vulnerable. ‘The dependence on its service sector in areas such as banking and tourism for its economic growth and stability has left it quite vulnerable to a downturn experienced in neighbouring France and other European economies which are the principality’s main trade partners. In 2009, Monaco’s GDP fell by 11.5% as the euro-zone crisis precipitated a sharp drop in tourism and retail activity and home sales. A modest recovery ensued in 2010 with GDP growth of 2.5%, but Monaco’s economic prospects remain clouded in uncertainty tied to future euro-zone growth. Weak economic growth also has deteriorated public finances as the principality recorded a budget deficit of 1.9% of GDP in 2010. Ethiopia may not have the same ability to generate has a power presence in human history with all three abrahamic faiths origins begin here so more integrated westernized Ethiopia would be a sad lost for mankind so it will come down to what you value. To conclude on the whole, the sovereignty or the ability of nation states to uphold power and influence in its own recognised territory is deteriorating everyday in order to keep their economic stability and a competitive nature since it needs to open their markets due to globalisation. But the idea of the nation state has come under some questioning as of late some have actually questioned the nation state of ever being previously completely economically independent as false. It’s difficult to finger out an answer but I would say globalisation hasn’t weaken the influence of the nation state but condition under which their off power is executed.

Word Choice Faze vs. Phase - Proofeds Writing Tips

Word Choice Faze vs. Phase - Proofeds Writing Tips Word Choice: Faze vs. Phase Although the words faze and phase sound the same, they have different meanings and spellings. Learn more about the usage of these terms so that you can use them with confidence in your academic writing. Faze (Disturb or Unsettle) The verb faze means disturb or disconcert, such as in the sentence: The keynote speaker was fazed by the size of the audience. More common than the term faze is the adjective unfazed, which refers to the state of being calm or undaunted by a challenge: Unfazed by the high fences, the horse galloped to victory. Phase (A Stage in a Process) Phase is typically a noun meaning a period or a stage of development within a sequence of events. For example, one might talk of phase one in a new business plan. It is sometimes used in a pejorative manner to describe behavior or actions that are likely to be temporary. One might thus dismiss a teenager’s rebellious phase or describe a midlife crisis as just a phase. The word phase can also be used as a verb. In this case, it means gradually changing something, such as in the terms phasing in and phasing out. In this context, it would be used in a sentence like this: A new minimum size for farmed chickens will be phased in next year. Faze or Phase? Although they sound similar, to faze someone is to unsettle them, while a phase is a stage within a process or a set period of time. Both words could be used in a sentence like this: The pet owners were unfazed by the cat’s anxious phase. Remember that faze is spelled with a z, while phase is spelled with an s. If you would like more advice about academic writing, or to have a 500-word sample of your work checked for free, get in touch with Proofed today!

Carboxyl Group Definition and Examples in Chemistry

Carboxyl Group Definition and Examples in Chemistry Carboxyl group definition: The carboxyl group is an organic functional group consisting of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom and single bonded to a hydroxyl group. Another way to view it is as a carbonyl group (CO)that has a hydroxyl group (O-H) attached to the carbon atom. The carboxyl group is commonly written as -C(O)OH or -COOH. Carboxyl groups ionize by releasing the hydrogen atom from the -OH group. The H, which is a free proton, is released. Thus, carboxyl groups make good acids. When hydrogen leaves, the oxygen atom has a negative charge, which it shares with the second oxygen atom in the group, allowing the carboxyl to remain stable even when oxidized. Also known as: The carboxyl group is sometimes referred to as the carboxy group, carboxyl functional group, or carboxyl radical. Carboxyl Group Example Probably the best-known example of a molecule with a carboxyl group is carboxylic acid. The general formula of carboxylic acid is R-C(O)OH, where R is any number of chemical species. Carboxylic acids are found in acetic acid and the amino acids that are used to build proteins. Because the hydrogen ion detaches so readily, the molecule is most commonly found as a carboxylate anion, R-COO-. The anion is named using the suffix -ate. For example, acetic acid (a carboxylic acid) becomes the acetate ion.

World War I - Battle of Caporetto on the Italian Front

World War I - Battle of Caporetto on the Italian Front Battle of Caporetto - Conflict Dates: The Battle of Caporetto was fought October 24-November 19, 1917, during World War I (1914-1918). Armies Commanders Italians General Luigi CadornaGeneral Luigi Capello15 divisions, 2213 guns Central Powers General Otto von BelowGeneral Svetozar Boroevic25 divisions, 2,200 guns Battle of Caporetto - Background: With the conclusion of the Eleventh Battle of Isonzo in September 1917, Austro-Hungarian forces were nearing the point of collapse in the area around Gorizia. Faced with this crisis, Emperor Charles I sought aid from his German allies. Though the Germans felt that the war would be won on the Western Front, they agreed to provide troops and support for a limited offensive designed to throw the Italians back across the Isonzo River and, if possible, past the Tagliamento River. For this purpose, the composite Austro-German Fourteenth Army was formed under the command of General Otto von Below. Battle of Caporetto - Preparations: In September, the Italian commander-in-chief, General Luigi Cadorna, became aware that an enemy offensive was in the offing. As a result, he ordered the commanders of the Second and Third Armies, Generals Luigi Capello and Emmanuel Philibert, to begin preparing defenses in depth to meet any attack. Having issued these orders, Cadorna failed to see that they were obeyed and instead began an inspection tour of other fronts which lasted until October 19. On the Second Army front, Capello did little as he preferred to plan for an offensive in the Tolmino area. Further weakening Cadornas situation was an insistence on keeping the bulk of the two armies troops on the east bank of the Isonzo despite the fact that the enemy still held crossings to the north. As a result, these troops were in prime position to be cut off by an Austro-German attack down the Isonzo Valley. In addition, the Italian reserves on the west bank were placed too far to the rear to rapidly aid the front lines. For the upcoming offensive, Below intended to launch the main assault with the Fourteenth Army from a salient near Tolmino. This was to be supported by secondary attacks to the north and south, as well as by an offensive near the coast by General Svetozar Boroevics Second Army. The assault was to be preceded by a heavy artillery bombardment as well as the use of poison gas and smoke. Also, Below intended to employ a substantial number of storm troopers which were to use infiltration tactics to pierce the Italian lines. With planning complete, Below began shifting his troops into place. This done, the offensive commenced with the opening bombardment which began before dawn on October 24. Battle of Caporetto - The Italians Routed: Caught by complete surprise, Capellos men suffered badly from the shelling and gas attacks. Advancing between Tolmino and Plezzo, Belows troops were able to quickly shatter the Italian lines and began driving west. Bypassing Italian strong points, the Fourteenth Army advanced over 15 miles by nightfall. Surrounded and isolated, the Italian posts in its rear were reduced in the coming days. Elsewhere, the Italian lines held and were able to turn back Belows secondary attacks, while the Third Army held Boroevic in check (Map). Despite these minor successes, Belows advance threatened the flanks of the Italian troops to the north and south. Alerted to the enemy breakthrough, Italian morale elsewhere on the front began to plummet. Though Capello recommended a withdrawal to the Tagliamento on the 24th, Cadorna refused and worked to rescue the situation. It was not until a few days later, with Italian troops in full retreat that Cadorna was forced to accept that a movement to the Tagliamento was inevitable. At this point, vital time had been lost and Austro-Germans forces were in close pursuit. On October 30, Cadorna ordered his men to cross the river and establish a new defensive line. This effort took four days and was quickly thwarted when German troops established a bridgehead over the river on November 2. By this point, the stunning success of Belows offensive began to hinder operations as the Austro-German supply lines were unable to keep up with the speed of the advance. With the enemy slowing, Cadorna ordered a further retreat to the Piave River on November 4. Though large numbers of Italian troops had been captured in the fighting, the bulk of his troops from the Isonzo region were able to form a strong line behind the river by November 10. A deep, wide river, the Piave finally brought the Austro-German advance to an end. Lacking the supplies or equipment for an attack across the river, they elected to dig in. Battle of Caporetto - Aftermath: The fighting at the Battle of Caporetto cost the Italians around 10,000 killed, 20,000 wounded, and 275,000 captured. Austro-German casualties numbered around 20,000. One of the few clear victories of World War I, Caporetto saw the Austro-German forces advance around 80 miles and reach a position from which they could strike at Venice. In the wake of the defeat, Cadorna was removed as chief of staff and replaced with General Armando Diaz. With their allys forces badly wounded, the British and French sent five and six divisions respectively to bolster the Piave River line. Austro-German attempts to cross the Piave that fall were turned back as were attacks against Monte Grappa. Though a massive defeat, Caporetto rallied the Italian nation behind the war effort. Within a few months the losses of material had been replaced and the army quickly recovered its strength through the winter of 1917/1918. Selected Sources First World War: Battle of CaporettoHistory of War: Battle of Caporetto

Effective Leadership Within an Organisational Context Essay - 1

Effective Leadership Within an Organisational Context - Essay Example This intentional feature of acquiescence distinguishes from the various kinds of manipulations reliant on recognized or official power. The final aspect focuses on the fact that the consequences of leadership lead to deriving desired behavior from the followers. These desired actions are supposed to be decisive and are targeted towards an objective in a particular organisation structure. Leadership has been considered immensely significant with regard to the organizations. Leadership is the procedure which ascertains the attainment of the organizational objectives by all the individuals which also helps the organizations to achieve success. The notion of leadership entails the factor of influence. Leadership takes into concern the ways by which the followers are manipulated by the leader. Influence is considered to be an integral part of leadership as leadership would cease to exist without the presence or inclusion of manipulation. Leadership is also believed to take place in groups. The chief purpose of leadership entails manipulating a group consisting of various individuals involved with a common objective. The referred group could be a particular community group, little task group or even a big group representing a complete organization. Leadership refers to the process that is undertaken by a single individual to manipulate a particular group for the reason of attainment of objectives (Northouse, 2009). Leadership also entails the focus towards a common objective. The forces as well powers of leaders are bestowed towards particular or definite individuals who attempt and desire to accomplish something together. Common objective implies that the followers, as well as the leaders, look forward to a mutual objective. The focus towards common objectives provides the facet of leadership a moral implication as it emphasizes on the requirement of the leaders to put in their efforts along with their followers for the reason of attaining chosen objectives.

Health and safety in construction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Health and safety in construction - Essay Example Through this many industries will be able to prevent the occurrences of accidents in the workplace. The industries should also be ready to compensate anyone when he has been in involved in such accidents. This can lead to most people being able to be employed in this sector as most of the people are unemployed and also are not ready to work in construction companies. The health sector should also be checked because when people who are not fling well are not allowed to rest it may lead to accidents not only to him but to others. Some of the machinery used is not updated or old which may lose its efficiency this therefore will lead to occurrences of accidents and so it should b considered as some people lose their lives because of these. There should b a safety plan before the construction starts this includes type of construction, emergency procedures, public safety strategies, the kind of material s needed the location of the place in order for them to acquire the right equipment too ls and machinery. (Joyston-Bechal & Grice 2004) Statute law section Key requirements of health and safety law This can be termed as occupational safety and health. This is a disciplinary area which involves the protection of health and safety of the people involved in work. ... This includes protecting the employer and employees lives and also the health. The legal obligation includes compensatory purposes in case of accidents, punitive and also preventative purposes that protect the worker’s health and the safety. Occupational safety and health reduces the accidents which may include injury, illness costs among others which may be caused by the construction industry. The workers or everyone involved in the construction industry should be able to know his rights as a worker in cases like illness, injuries and his safety. Most of the citizens have the fear of engaging into construction works as they think that it will lead to them becoming disable, ill or even may lead to death which may lead to their families living in problems but this should not be a hindrance as everyone is supposed to fully know their rights in safety and health (Holt & Lampl 2006). Strategy for information retrieval Information retrieval can be achieved through improving the var ious ways of searching information. This can be opening a wide range of information collecting from different sources like the internet, other construction companies and from people with different specialties. This can improve the stability and efficiency of the industry reducing the occurrences of accidents and health problems from occurring. Communication is another key element for information retrieval in any given construction industry. This is because through communication there is a better interaction and exchange of views can be easily exchanged. Through this most suggestions are able to be put in place to which they can lead to the company’s development. Lack of communication leads to people not trusting each other and also does not

CNC machines(Fundamentals and Applications) Essay

CNC machines(Fundamentals and Applications) - Essay Example Nowadays in order to provide better online data transfer, CNCs can be connected to the internet. Companies having multi operations are benefitted a lot from this so that they can transfer their programmes to other locations. Today’s CNCs provide a very high level of automation. Any skillful operator can use all the features to increase his/her own as well as company’s productivity. Their capacity to deliver extreme precision has given a great boost to innumerable new state-of-the-art technologies as a multiplier effect to produce thousands of products in the last 30-40 years. In the manufacturing and production sectors, automation using computers has become a common, if necessary trend. The application of Numerical Control (NC) and Computer Numerical Control (CNC) has seen production work become more effective in virtually all dimensions. With the three and five axis CNC machines, more complex shapes can be produced in real time, more accurately and without having to set and reset machines and workpieces over and over as I always the case with conventional machines. Having several structural components and coming in modular form, CNC machines are controlled using dedicated software and programs to automate and control its functions. Computer Numerical Control (CNC) is the automated control of the machine tools by a computer program and a computer; the machine is controlled by a computer rather than a person (Mattson 2009, p.9). On the other hand, Numerical Control (NC) can be defined as a type of programmable automation that involves the use of a program of instructions to control the mechanical actions of machines or equipment. The program has set of instructions that include positioning of the workhead and workpiece and other instructions that are necessary to operate the machine. A workhead is the cutting tool and the workpiece is the object being processed. The application of

Enhancing Cyber Situational awareness through Active Defence Research Paper

Enhancing Cyber Situational awareness through Active Defence - Research Paper Example They include: i. Visualization of Situation Awareness data/ information ii. Metrics iii. Dynamic Risk Assessment for Mission Assurance However, Cyber Situation Awareness is still considered a new field of research that made its mark with Denning’s (1987, 2002) pioneering work on using expert systems to detect computer attacks in 1987, followed by a plethora of experiments thereafter. The early stage of experiments shaped the concept of tactical fusion, which was proposed by the JDL (Joint Director’s Laboratory) model in 1992. This model contains five functional levels such as 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. It was published by Hall, and Llinas (1997). It focused solely on data management to prevent cyber attacks. In it, most of the tasks are concentrated on level 0, 1, and 4. Tadda finds JDL model as a bottom-up, data driven model (Figure 3). The significance of JDL model lies in the fact that it highlights the significance of algorithmic techniques towards supporting situation awar eness (Salerno, Hinman, & Boulware 2005). Figure 3: Tactical Fusion/JDL Model [Adapted from (Tadd 2008)] Explanation From a simple point of view, SA refers to the knowledge about ongoing events in the cyber environments. According to Ensley (2000: 3), SA defines three essential drivers which include perception, comprehension, and projection. As per Ensley, perceptions of cues (which he refers to as Level 1 SA) are fundamental, since in the absence of basic perception of important information the chance of wrongly visualizing the situation drastically increases. In support of this argument she cites a finding that showed 76% of SA errors of the pilots emanated from lack of perception of the required information (Jones & Ensley 1996). Comprehension on the other hand, refers to an outcome of how people interpret, associate, store, and retain information, and thus makes its place in SA process as Level 2 SA in Ensley’s (1995c). The Level 3 SA, i.e., Projection helps operators to perform at the highest level of SA, since it enables the operators to forecast on situation events and its dynamics, Ensley (2000). Ensley further explains that SA is all about â€Å"knowing what is going on,† while from a formal point of view it is all about â€Å"the perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning and the projection of their status in the near future† (Ensley 1995b: 36). In a nutshell, Ensley consolidated the theoretical perspective of SA by adding human factors in it, thereby opening a new horizon of developments towards achieving quality SA (Wickes 2008: 397). Endorsement of the above view from a host of researchers (Ensley 1993, 1994; Ensley & Rodgers 1994; Ensley & Robertson 1996; and Endsley et al. 1998) highlighted the temporal aspects of time, as the above view showed that both perception of time and temporal dynamics associated with events play crucial roles in the formulatio n of SA, and a critical part of SA involves understanding of the amount of time available in the occurrence of an event or in the course of an action. Such developments helped researchers to underpin time as an integral part of Level 2

The Chisholm Trail and Its Role In The Cattle Industry Research Paper

The Chisholm Trail and Its Role In The Cattle Industry - Research Paper Example This paper declares that the Chisholm Trail suffered as well. With barbed wire defining the boundaries of ranch lands, the trails were soon feeling cramped . It received a temporary reprieve in 1880 from competition on the western trails that led more directly to Dodge City, when rail service was extended to Caldwell, Kansas, and once again there was a temporary boom. However, it was apparent that the route was declining, and it would soon be silent forever. To the cattle industry, the Chisholm Trail was responsible for more than just driving the steers to market. Towns had been built and grown because of it. It had caused the upswing of meat-packing plants in Chicago and Kansas City, and had even caused rage in Europe when businessmen became irate that their markets were being flooded with American beef. This paper makes a conclusion that by 1885, fenced-in ranching replaced the way of life that had been known on the open range and trails. Though the Chisholm Trail soon grew quiet, and it would never know again the thunderous sound of cattle at its crossings. The Chisholm Trail carries a legacy that has come to symbolize the heyday of the cattle industry and the era of the cowboy, and neither time, nor change, nor the invention of barbed wire can upset the place that it holds in the hearts of those descended from the cowboys, trail bosses, guides, and chuck wagon cooks that once rode along its routes.

Buying gold during a rescission its a good idea Research Paper

Buying gold during a rescission its a good idea - Research Paper Example At the same time gold prices are raising sharply and many of the current investors believe that investments on gold may bring better returns to them in future. This paper argues in favor of buying gold as the safe investment option during a recession period â€Å"When you see the Fed start buying their own treasuries from China and Japan, hyperinflation and default will be just around the corner. Gold and Silver provide the peace of mind one will need whenever that day arrives† (Eberhardt, p.26). Even though the prices of gold and silver experienced certain ups and downs in the past, no major collapse of gold prices has been reported yet. Most of the emerging countries like China and India are purchasing more gold and keeping a good gold stock. When we compare the current stock market conditions and the conditions of the banking industry against the current gold industry trends, investments in gold seems to be the right option. â€Å"When it came to the extreme stock market c onditions, people ran to the safe haven of gold† (Eberhardt, p.146). In order to learn more about the potentials of gold as a safe investment option, it is necessary to identify the differences between money and currency. Many people are of the view that both money and currency are the same things. This is an illusion. â€Å"A currency does not store value in and of itself.

The Chisholm Trail and Its Role In The Cattle Industry Research Paper

The Chisholm Trail and Its Role In The Cattle Industry - Research Paper Example This paper declares that the Chisholm Trail suffered as well. With barbed wire defining the boundaries of ranch lands, the trails were soon feeling cramped . It received a temporary reprieve in 1880 from competition on the western trails that led more directly to Dodge City, when rail service was extended to Caldwell, Kansas, and once again there was a temporary boom. However, it was apparent that the route was declining, and it would soon be silent forever. To the cattle industry, the Chisholm Trail was responsible for more than just driving the steers to market. Towns had been built and grown because of it. It had caused the upswing of meat-packing plants in Chicago and Kansas City, and had even caused rage in Europe when businessmen became irate that their markets were being flooded with American beef. This paper makes a conclusion that by 1885, fenced-in ranching replaced the way of life that had been known on the open range and trails. Though the Chisholm Trail soon grew quiet, and it would never know again the thunderous sound of cattle at its crossings. The Chisholm Trail carries a legacy that has come to symbolize the heyday of the cattle industry and the era of the cowboy, and neither time, nor change, nor the invention of barbed wire can upset the place that it holds in the hearts of those descended from the cowboys, trail bosses, guides, and chuck wagon cooks that once rode along its routes.

Political sciences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Political sciences - Essay Example Their goal was to create a Jewish homeland, and from then onwards the conflicts between Palestine and Jews began to erupt. (A Synopsis of the Israel/Palestine Conflict) This conflict has reached some fearful proposition in the current century when Israel has intruded into the Gaza city killing so many civilians, accusing them of responsible for terrorist attack in Israel. The solution for this conflict is dangerously complicated since it is associated with so many political, social, cultural and religious aspects. Most Palestinians believe that the West Bank and Gaza are entirely belonging to their authority and Israel has no claim at all on these cities. On the other hand Israel is not ready to recognize these claims. For them most parts of these cities are belonging to their territory and Palestine’s claims are not justifiable. The border of Jerusalem is the most disputed issue in this conflict. Jerusalem is equally important for Jews, Christians and Islam because of Abraham who is believed to be a sacred person for all these three communities. Israel doesn’t want to divide Jerusalem and they are trying to establish their supremacy over other religions regarding this holy city. Now the majority of the people staying in this city are Jews and hence Israel not ready to give up their claims on this city. Palestinians nowadays strongly believe that Israel is trying to conquer the entire Palestine and they will never allow creating an independent Palestine state. On the other hand Israelis believe that Palestine wanted to control the entire Palestine region. Both parties have their own convincing reasons also to believe like these. The mutual belief and confidence are at the lowest level and hence it is even difficult to bring them around a table for discussion. Both the Israel and the Palestine have moderates and extremists in their side which make reaching a resolution more complicated. Any compromise

Value of Common Sense Essay Example for Free

Value of Common Sense Essay Common sense, a mere adaptation on ones way of thinking and acting. It is described as the knowledge and judgment that most people already have or should have. Many people generalise certain acts as an inconsideration for common sense. In my short period of existence, I can certainly say that the practice of this concept can only be perceived as anything but common, more like rare or occasional. Common sense has no form of value that would allow it to contribute to your qualifications or even towards your online dating profile. One thing is certain, it has a long term effect on your quality of life and the safety of those around you. The lack of common sense should be considered a disease which i even suffer from at times. One of the symptoms I usually experience is excruciating pain. Let’s just say I was very sick, this past holidays. I went ice skating with friends and family and it wasn’t my first time. Once we had our skates on, we wandered like a group of penguins until we reached the ice. So we skated around and around which seemed like a continuous, unbroken cycle until i decided to do something unexpected. I glared down at my boot and noticed that a strap had come loose. I should mention that I was still moving and pretty fast too. leaned over and tried to clip it in place, a mission nobody else would pursue and i soon found out why. As i had fastened the strap, I felt my legs wobble uncontrollably. Before I knew it, I was swimming on ice. What i learned from that experience is that you should never grab a person as an attempt to pull yourself up from the ice. it will only become worse. If u dislike embarrassment and feelings of regret, the way I do. Then you should be able to detect the value of common sense as depicted in this story. Not all scenarios measure common sense with the same amount of importance. The outcome differs and in the next story, it has quite a lot of weight and consequences. I was with my uncle at a harbor, where we went to buy fish. We met this one guy who had a small stall and was selling fresh fish, he had just caught. We bought a few and thought that we should conversate to pass the time. The fisherman told us about himself and his job out on sea. I noticed that he had quite a large number of fish on sale. I then asked him how long it took him to catch them. He replied, ’oh, not too long, just a few hours†. While in amazement, my uncle said,’ why don’t you stay out longer, that way you can catch more fish? The fisherman explained that what he had caught was sufficient enough to support his family because he dedicated his existence to them. He said that he spent the rest of his time with his wife, children and friends. My uncle reflected before saying, â€Å"here’s what you should do, stay out longer so that you can catch more fish. Then you can sell the extra fish and use that money towards buying a bigger boat. Thereafter, you would three, even four boats until you possess a small fleet. Employ some workers and sell to larger businesses. The fisherman was stunned and mumbled out, â€Å"what about my family? I jumped in and said that they would have a better life, filled with opportunity and realistic dreams. We walked away in silence, leaving the man to contemplate deeply into the distance. In this story, the wealth in ones life, happiness of a family and self-accomplishment rest on common sense. Education brings about maturity and sophistication, but does not enforce your ability to display common sense. It is seen as a gift from birth which brings about simplicity and ease rather than unnecessary complication and discomfort. so just remember, if you do something stupid, you probably didn’t use your common sense.

Analysis Of Pepsico Vision Statement Business Essay

Analysis Of Pepsico Vision Statement Business Essay PepsiCo is a company which is most successful well-known brands in the world. Pepsi Company is nationally and globally to operating in non-alcoholic beverage industry, soft drink industry, and savoury snack industry. Besides that, PepsiCo offers the worlds largest portfolio of food and beverage brands included 22 different product lines. And the biggest competition from competitor is Coca-Cola in soft drink industry. Analysis of PepsiCo Vision Statement According to vision statement of PepsiCo, I had used seven components to analysis the vision such as directional, graphic, focus, flexible, feasible, desirable, and easy to understand. First of all, the directional component of PepsiCo is target to become a truly sustainable company by using focus on environmental stewardship, activities to benefit society, and a commitment to build shareholder value. From the case, PepsiCo has extensive statements on sustainability, the environment, health and wellness, and diversity. Pepsi Company is nationally and globally to operating in non-alcoholic beverage industry, soft drink industry, and savoury snack industry. PepsiCo is able to expansion market to serve new market segment by provides health and safety product to make consumer more confidence to purchase and become a sustainable company. Besides that, the graphic component of PepsiCo is not appearing in the current vision statement. From the current vision, it has no mention about company management is create and the market position the company is striving to stake out. Moreover, the focus component of PepsiCo is focus on environmental stewardship, activities to benefit society, and a commitment to build shareholder value. According to the PepsiCo case which said that PepsiCo are focusing in projects to increase to use of recycled materials and reduce material used in packaging. It will help PepsiCo build a good brand image, environment friendly and good reputation. When brand image is created, it will increase brand awareness of Pepsi and easy to launch new product to serve new market segment and achieve the commitment of shareholder value. However, once the commitment with shareholder is broken it will bring negative effect to the company such as poor reputation and decrease number of invertors. In addition, the flexible component of PepsiCo is creating a better tomorrow than today. From the statement, PepsiCo is wanted to improve all aspects of the world to create a better future. So, it may help increase more potential profitability due to better than previous year. And, it also assists PepsiCo a step forward to be truly sustainable company. Yet, it also some aspect is uncontrollable such as new competitor and economic downturn. Furthermore, the feasible component is about the reasonable expect to achieve in due time. From the case, PepsiCo is expecting continually to improve all the aspects of the world. PepsiCo is able to achieve this vision due to strong financial and also wide range of distribution network. It also has opportunities capture more market share around the world. However, it needs resources and times to achieve the goal. Additionally, the desirable component is about long term interest of stakeholders. In the vision of PepsiCo, it is commitment to build shareholder value. PepsiCo has long history of delivery strong financial growth for shareholders with the powerful brand and commitment to sustainability and top global talent. Conversely, it also face problem when shareholders may disagree with PepsiCo decision making and may occur conflict belong PepsiCo and shareholder. Lastly, the easy to understand component is about ease to communicate and understand of the vision statement. From the PepsiCos vision statement, it is using a clear language and simple to make customer easy to understand their vision. Analysis of Vision Statements- Shortcomings For the shortcoming of vision statement, I had used five components to analysis the shortcoming such as vague and incomplete, not forward looking, bland, too broad or not distinctive, and rely on superlatives. First of all, the vague and incomplete component is about short on specific or does not provide much indication and how the PepsiCo intend to alter the current product, market, customer, and technology focus. PepsiCo is only mention about improve all aspects of the world in which they operate for their economic, social and environment. But it is missing out to mention about Pepsi product portfolio and how they treat their employees in vision statement. Besides that, the not forward looking is about the company is not concern about the future. From the vision of PepsiCo, it has concern about the future by the sentences creating a better tomorrow than today by using improving the aspects of the world in which they are operated. Furthermore, the bland component is about the company lacking in motivational power. From the vision statement of PepsiCo, it has commitment to achieve shareholder value, so from the commitment will motivate the shareholders to support the company. Next, the component is too broad and not distinctive is about the vision could apply to most any company. The vision statement of PepsiCo is too common and corporate social responsibility can apply to most any company. Lastly, the component rely on superlatives is about the vision too reliant on such superlatives as best, most successful and market leader. From the PepsiCo vision is does not mention is most successful and first choice of customers. Recommendation From the analysis of shortcomings in the vision statement of PepsiCo, I would like to give few recommendations to improve the current vision statement of PepsiCo. First of all, I would like to recommend about the incomplete vision statement of PepsiCo. The vision of PepsiCo should include their company product, market, customer, technology focus, and their employees. So, employee and customer can easy to understand what kind of business PepsiCo is running and what purpose of PepsiCo is targeted. The second shortcomings vision statement is not distinctive. From my opinion, the company vision should be different with other companys vision. PepsiCos vision statement is too broad and it is easy same vision with others company. Therefore, PepsiCo should be more specific its vision statement and make the vision statement more memorable for people. From my opinion, the current vision statement of PepsiCo is good but I would like to overcome the shortcomings appear in PepsiCo vision statement. So, new vision statement will be as below: PepsiCos is underscoring  commitment a truthful desire for product quality and safety from materials, beverage mixing to bottling, and receive excellent services from our employee. Plus, responsibility is to continually improve all aspects of the world in which we operate and creating a better tomorrow than today. Our mission is maximum our shareholders wealth and focus on environmental stewardship and activities to benefit society by making PepsiCo a truly sustainable company. Evaluation of mission statement A mission statement is the current business activities or proposes what we are and what we do. From the mission statement of PepsiCo, I would like to use evaluation matrix to analysis and provides a new description to the PepsiCo. The components use to analysis include customers, products/services, markets, concern for survival, growth and profitability, technology, philosophy, self-concept, concern for public image and concern for employees. The customer component is about the target customer of the company. From the current description of PepsiCo is does not mention about the customer. So, I suggest a new description that PepsiCo should concern, maintain loyalty and listen to customer in the mission statement. Product and services component is about the firms major product and services provides to customer. From the mission statement, PepsiCo is offer convenient foods and beverages to the customer. For example product of PepsiCo offer is Quaker Oats, CapN Crunch cereal, Aunt Jemima syrup, and Tropicana juice. Although there is description in the current mission statement, but I would like to give my recommendation to make PepsiCo mission statement become better by develop a new product line. For example, PepsiCo can develop a new product line Pepsi Green mix with herb and position PepsiCo is an environment friendly company. Market component is about geographically and the places the firm compete. From the current description of PepsiCo is wanted to be the worlds premier consumer Products Company and serve in globally. For the new description, I would suggest PepsiCo increase more vending machine at bus station, train station, or cinema to make customer able to purchase at anywhere and anytime. Concern for survival, growth, and profitability component is about is the firm financial soundness and committed to growth. From the current description of PepsiCo is produce financial rewards to investors as we provide opportunities for growth. For new description, PepsiCo is need for knowledge, producing and distributing valuable information in a way that benefits the customer and employee to serve the global market. Technology component is about the firm technologically current. From the current description of PepsiCo is does not mention about the technology. Therefore, for the new description PepsiCo should spend money to do more research and development and using machines to reduce the production cost and time. Philosophy component is about the beliefs, basic, aspirations, values, and ethical priorities of the firm. From the current description of PepsiCo is striving for honesty, fairness and integrity. For the new description, PepsiCo can share and caring where the people give their time, knowledge, and experience. Besides that, it also empowered people which mean that having a freedom to think in ways and get the job done, while following to processes that ensure management and being mindful of company needs. Self-concept component is about the firms major competitive advantages or distinctive competence. From the current description of PepsiCo is does not mention about the self-concept. However, I would like to recommend PepsiCo to create a competitive advantage strategic. For example, Pepsi can use marketing mix such as product, price, packaging, and distribution to differentiate itself with other company product. And also can excellent customer services to the customer such as delivery product on time. Concern for public image component is about the firm responsive to social, community, and environmental concerns. From the current description of PepsiCo is not appearing in the mission statement. Therefore, the new description for PepsiCo should contribute to the economic strength of society and responsibility of CSR. For example, PepsiCo is fully committed to protecting the earths natural resources through innovation and the efficient use of land, water, energy and packaging in the operations. Concern for employee component is about the employee is valuable asset of the firm. From the current description of PepsiCo is enrichment to the employees, but I would like to enhance it to become better by provides reward and training to the employee. Once the reward system is set up, the employee is put more effect to doing their job and send employee to training it provides an opportunities for growth of business. Following new description, I would like to modifications to the current mission statement to be a new mission statement as below: Our mission is to be the worlds leading consumer Products Company and selling beverages and foods in anytime and anywhere. We serve with high innovation technology to produce new food according customer needs and sending staffs to training for provides high quality of services to sustain customer loyalty. Also, we are responsibilities in CSR, empowered people, and opportunities for growth to maximize shareholder wealth. Conclusion As a business analyst of PepsiCo, I had analysed the vision statement and mission statement of PepsiCo by different component and evaluate matrix. Hence, I had recommended modifications and enhancement to the current vision statement and mission statement. With the new vision statement and new mission statement that has been enchanted will easier to understand and memorable by people. Lastly, by develop a new vision and mission statement, PepsiCo can create a better future and one more step forward be a truly sustainable company.

Role of Galileo with References to book Galileos Daughter Essay

During an important time in European history, Galileo played a key role in the scientific revolution. He challenged widely accepted ideas and gave a new face to philosophy, astronomy and physics. While he was alive, though, he was much more than just a philosopher. Galileo Galilei had passions and values, which were portrayed throughout his life and accurately written down in Dava Sobel's Galileo's Daughter. He applied these values in his career as a mathematician and a teacher of physics, in his passion of astronomy and philosophy, in his loyalty to his church and country, and most of all to his daughter, whom he conversed with in the many letters of Galileo's Daughter. Unlike most of the history that is read in books, Galileo's story is of a real man with real values and faced with very controversial decisions. Some of these controversies involve the clash of his passion of philosophy with that of the most widely accepted Aristotelian teachings. An example of this is when Galileo looked into his telescope and saw the moon, with its large mountains and deep valleys (31). This discovery proves contrary to what was taught by Aristotle, that the moon was shaped as a perfect sphere. In addition to this, determining how objects accelerate during free fall consumed him for some time. He was known to test his theory by carrying cannonballs up Pisa?s eight story spiral staircase to see if an object?s weight and acceleration during free fall were not related as he had thought (19). This challenged another one of Aristotle?s teachings, which was that an object?s acceleration was directly proportional to its weight. His most significant controversies involved his passion of science and his loyalty to the Catholic Church. Religion... ...d because it offers a look into the life of a real man in history. Instead of painting a picture of a scientist in the 17th century, it tells the story of a man and his passions and values. Galileo was a man who loved mathematics and physics and was devoted to teaching his theories to others. He was a religious man who feared the extreme Catholic Church?s power as much as the next European. Still, he wrote his controversial astronomical and philosophical studies down on paper where they would be explored and researched decades after his death. Most importantly, though, the book Galileo?s Daughter portrays him as a man who loved his family, and still made time for his daughter during all of his ordeals. Galileo was not only a man of great influence to science, but also a man with passion, belief and conviction, and this is unfortunately forgotten in most history books.

Probation Officers Essay

Probation officers work with criminal offenders, some of whom may be dangerous. They also monitor offenders to prevent them from committing new crimes. Workers in this occupation must meet many court-imposed deadlines and also travel, especially if they work in rural areas. Probation officers usually have to have a bachelor’s degree, but the requirement varies by agency. Officers who work in the probation system have various duties that keep their job busy. They evaluate offenders to determine the best course of treatment. They provide offenders with resources to aid in rehabilitation. Probation officers discuss treatment options and arrange those treatment programs for offenders. One of the main duties for a probation officer is to supervise offenders and monitor their progress. They conduct meetings with offenders as well as their family and friends. Then the most boring part of their job is to write reports on the progress of offenders. Probation officers are also associated with correctional treatment specialists since they both are relatively the same occupation. Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists work with offenders who are given probation instead of jail time, who are still in prison, or who have been released from prison. There are several types of probation officers and correctional treatment specialists. Probation officers, who are called community supervision officers in some states, supervise people who have been placed on probation. They work to ensure that the offender is not a danger to the community and to help in their rehabilitation. Probation officers write reports that detail each offender’s treatment plans and their progress since they were put on probation. Most probation officers work with either adults or juveniles. Only in small, mostly rural, jurisdictions do probation officers counsel both adults and juveniles. Pretrial services officers investigate an offender’s background to determine if that offender can be safely allowed back into the community before his or her trial date. They must assess the risk and make a recommendation to a judge who decides on the appropriate sentencing or bond amount. When offenders are allowed back into the community, pretrial officers supervise them to make sure that they stay with the terms of their release and appear at their trials. Parole officers work with people who have been released from jail and are serving parole to help them re-enter society. Parole officers monitor post-release offenders and provide them with various resources, such as substance abuse counseling or job training, to aid in their rehabilitation. By doing so, the officers try to change the offenders’ behavior and thus to reduce the risk of that person committing another crime and having to return to jail or prison. Both probation and parole officers supervise offenders though personal contact with the offenders and their families. Probation and parole officers require regularly scheduled contact with offenders by telephone or through office visits, and they may also check on offenders at their homes or places of work. Probation and parole officers also oversee drug testing and electronic monitoring of offenders. In some states, officers do the jobs of both probation and parole officers. Correctional treatment specialists, who also may be known as case managers or correctional counselors, counsel offenders and develop rehabilitation plans for them to follow when they are no longer in prison or on parole. They may evaluate inmates using questionnaires and psychological tests. They also work with inmates, probation officers, and staff of other agencies to develop parole and release plans. For example, they may plan education and training programs to improve offenders’ job skills. Correctional treatment specialists write case reports that cover the inmate’s history and the likelihood that he or she will commit another crime. When their clients are eligible for release, the case reports are given to the appropriate parole board. The specialist may help set up counseling for the offenders and their families, find substance-abuse or mental health treatment options, aid in job placement, and find housing. Correctional treatment specialists also explain the terms and conditions of the prisoner’s release, write reports, and keep detailed written accounts of each offender’s progress. Specialists who work in parole and probation agencies have many of the same duties as their counterparts in correctional institutions. The number of cases a probation officer or correctional treatment specialist handles at one time depends on the need of offenders and the risks associated with each individual. Higher risk offenders usually command more of the officer’s time and resources. The caseload size also varies by agency. Technological advancements, such as, improved tests for screening drug use, electronic devices to monitor clients, and kiosks that allow clients to check in remotely, help probation officers and correctional treatment specialists supervise and counsel offenders. Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists must meet many court-imposed deadlines, which contribute to heavy workloads and extensive paperwork. Many officers travel to do home and employment checks and property searches, especially in rural areas. Because of the hostile environments probation officers may encounter, some must carry a firearm or other weapon for protection. All of these factors, as well as the frustration some officers and specialists feel in dealing with offenders who violate the terms of their release, contribute to a stressful work environment. Although the high stress levels make the job difficult at times, this work also can be rewarding. Many officers and specialists receive personal satisfaction from counseling members of their community and helping them become productive citizens. Although many officers and specialists work full time, the demands of the job often lead to their working much longer hours. For example, many agencies rotate an on-call officer position. When these workers are on-call, they must respond to any issues with offenders of law enforcement 24 hours a day. Extensive travel and paperwork can also contribute to their having to work longer hours. A bachelor’s degree in social work, criminal justice, psychology, or a related field is usually required. Some employers require a master’s degree in a related field for candidates who do not have previous related work experience. Although job requirements may vary, related work may include work in probation, pretrial services, parole, corrections, criminal investigations, substance abuse treatment, social work, or counseling. Work in any of these fields is typically considered a plus in the hiring process. Most probation officers and correctional treatment specialists must complete a training program sponsored by their state government or the federal government, after which they may have to pass a certification test. In addition, they may be required to work as trainees or on a probationary period for up to one year before being offered a permanent position. Some probation officers go on to specialize in a certain type of casework. For example, an officer may work only with domestic violence offenders or deal only with substance-abuse cases. Officers receive training specific to the group that they are working with so that they are better prepared to help that type of offender. Most agencies require applicants to be at least 21 years old and, for federal employment, not older than 37 years of age. In addition, most departments require candidates to have a record free of felony convictions and to submit to drug testing and a valid driver’s license is often required. Being a probation officer or a correctional treatment specialist is a very important job for the justice department because some of the offenders who are returning to civilian life need help adjusting back from the prison life that they had been accustomed to for so long. Also, a probation officer is needed for the offenders who are not quite bad enough to be put in jail or prison. They just need to have an eye kept on them to prevent them from committing another violation or commit a more serious crime. Even though probation officers have offenders to monitor, they also have a ton of paperwork to record and keep for the offenders file. The officers have to be perceptive in noticing minor details in the offender’s behavior and overall attitude toward the situation they are in. Probation officers are a key asset for the courts to use and without them the justice system would not be able to function because the judges would have no other option than to send the offenders to jail or prison and that would overpopulate the already overpopulated jail and prisons. Bibliography http://www.calmis.ca.gov/file/occguide/PROBOFF.HTM http://www.bls.gov/ooh/community-and-social-service/probation-officers-and-correctional-treatment-specialists.htm#tab-4

Power and Inequality in a Cultural and Linguistic Anthropolistic View Essay

Centuries have passed and the different relationships of power and inequality are still present. Power and inequality have always been an issue and a topic of discussion among many different people in different cultures. Although much has changed throughout history, the struggle between power and inequality is still inevitable. There are many different types of power and inequalities ranging from gender to race and culture. Anthropologists can investigate issues surrounding power and inequality by submerging into different cultures and studying how power and inequality play a role in their society. Power and inequality still play a role in modern human cultures as seen by different struggles of cultures as well as the differentiation of linguistics. Cultural anthropologists can investigate issues surrounding power and inequality in modern human populations as they immerse themselves into understanding the different circumstances of different cultures of today and of the past as well. Throughout the years, there has been a struggle of power and inequality between many, including gender and race. Gender has been an issue in many different cultures, and continues to be a struggle even today. In the past, gender issues have resulted in many problems. For example, after China passed the one child law, many parents wanted to have sons rather than daughters because of the thought that sons were more worthy. This however, has resulted in an imbalance of the male and female ratio as it has reached 144:100, in the rural areas of China (Peters-Golden, 2012). In modern society, it is evident that in most cultures, the male is still the dominant gender. In some cultures, including some in the Middle East, women are looked down upon, mistreated and are not treated as equals. Even in the modern Western culture, there is still evidence that the women are at a disadvantage compared to the men (Feminist Economics, 2003). Along with gender, race has also been a reoccurring issue of as well. Previously, the Western worlds perceived themselves as having more power and were more superior to any other culture. Culture today, according to cultural anthropologists, is learned and is subject to modification meaning that the modern population can adapt to new races and cultures as well as their own. Different societies should be subject to his or her own culture rather than perceiving that one race or culture as superior to any other. Cultural anthropologists believe that â€Å"how people have been accepted and treated of a given society of culture has a direct impact on how they perform in that society† (American Anthropology Association, 1998). Thus concluding that not everybody can see themselves as superior, as it affects the society as a whole as well. The United States is an example of many different cultural prejudices, and its affects are apparent in their everyday lives including the media. Cultural anthropologists have been studying different cultures of the world, and many of them have different opinions of power and inequality as can be seen by the ways the cultures interact. In the modern world, there are many pieces of evidence that power and inequality are still present and is still an issue in modern human populations. Power and inequality have much to do with cultural studies, but can also be interpreted in a linguistic anthropological view as well. Linguistic anthropology studies how language influences social society in cultures. Although not necessarily seen as inequality, many different languages have different words categorising between gender, age, and status among others. Linguistics is also an important part of cultural anthropology as well. In many different languages, the use of words reflects the cultures status on both power and inequality (University of Washington, 2004). For example, in many languages, including French, Spanish, and Persian, noun classification is sorted by gender. In Thai, there are around 13 ways to say the pronoun â€Å"I† each one used in different circumstances, depending on who and what is being said. In both cases, the use of language is separated by power and could be thought of as a social inequality because different people are referred to by their gender or social status. As well as words that play a role in cultures, the different languages does as well. According to Mary Bucholtz and Kira Hall (1995), linguistic anthropologists, they say that power is linked with markedness. Markedness is a process where â€Å"some social categories gain a special, default status that contrasts with the identities of other groups, which are usually highly recognisable† and is evident in some countries (Bucholtz & Hall, 1995, p. 372). An example of this is in Zambia, a country that speaks a total of 73 languages, however, only around 7 are considered the ‘dominant’ language as they are positioned above the others, while English is the official language that is unmarked, and considered to be the most important (Spitulnik, 1998). Linguistic anthropology is an important part when studying the different power and inequalities of cultures. Linguistics can show how cultures can interact by languages and determine who is ‘dominant’ or can differentiate people by status or gender. In modern human populations, the existence of power and inequality is still present. Anthropologists, both linguistic and cultural, investigate the presence in struggle of balancing power and inequality. Different times represent different mindsets, however, both power and inequality have been present for basically all of human existence. Prejudice is inevitable in both the past and current human population, ranging from race, gender, different individuals, and cultures, among others. Anthropologists can investigate issues surrounding power and inequality by submerging into different cultures and studying how power and inequality play a role in their society. Studying the language of other cultures by linguistic anthropologists can also determine many aspects of power and inequality in not only the different cultures of today, but also of the past as well.

China Insurance Market Outlook to 2016 – Driven by Automobile Insurance Market

1  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. 1. 1. 1. 2. 1. 3. Asia-Pacific Insurance Industry Industry Introduction Asia-Pacific Insurance Market Size by Direct Written Premium, 2005-2012P Asia-Pacific Insurance Market Segmentation 1. 3. 1. By Geography, 2005-2012P 1. 3. 2. By Life and Non Life, 2005-2012P 1. 4. Asia-Pacific Insurance Industry Future Outlook 1. 4. 1. By Geography, 2013-2016 3. 3. 1. 3. 2. 4. 5. 5. 1. 5. 2. 5. 3. 5. 4. 6. 6. 1. 7. 7. 1.China Insurance Industry China Insurance Value Chain China Insurance Market Size by Direct Written Premium, 2005-2012 China Insurance Government Regulations China Life Insurance Market China Life Insurance Market Size, 2005-2012 China Life insurance Claim Paid, 2005-2012 Market Share of Major Life Insurers in China, 2012 China Life Insurance Market Future Outlook and Projection, 2013-2016 China Non-Life Insurance Market China Non-Life Insurance Market Size, 2005-2012 Non-Life Insurance Segmentation, 2005-2012 China Property and Casualty Insurance Industry 7. 1. 1. China Property and Casualty Insurance Market Size, 2005-2012 7. . 2. China Property and Casualty insurance Claim Paid, 2005-2012 7. 1. 3. Property and Casualty Insurance Segmentation, 2005-2012 7. 1. 4. Market Share of Major Property and Casualty Insurers in China, 2012 2  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied 7. 1. 5. China Property and Casualty Insurance Market Future Outlook and Projection, 20132016 7. 2. China Motor Insurance Industry 7. 2. 1. China Motor Insurance Market Size, 2005-2012 7. 2. 2. China Motor Insurance Market Future Outlook and Projection, 2013-2016 7. 3. China Commercial Property Insurance Industry 7. 3. 1.China Commercial Property Insurance Market Size, 2005-2012 7. 3. 2. China Commercial Property Insurance Market Future Outlook and Projection, 2013-2016 7. 4. China Agricultural Insurance Industry 7. 4. 1. China Agricultural Insurance Market Size, 2005-2012 7. 4. 2. China Agricultural Insurance Market Future Outlook and Projection, 2013-2016 7. 5. China Liability Insurance Industry 7. 5. 1. China Liability Insurance Market Size, 2005-2012 7. 5. 2. China Liability Insurance Market Future Outlook and Projection, 2013-2016 7. 6. China Credit Insurance Industry 7. 6. 1. China Credit Insurance Market Size, 2005-2012 7. 6. 2.China Credit Insurance Market Future Outlook and Projection, 2013-2016 7. 7. China Accident Insurance Industry 7. 7. 1. China Accident Insurance Market Size, 2005-2012 7. 7. 2. China Accident Insurance Market Future Outlook and Projection, 2013-2016 7. 8. China Cargo Insurance Industry 7. 8. 1. China Cargo Insurance Market Size, 2005-2012 7. 8. 2. China Cargo Insurance Market Future Outlook and Projection, 2013-2016 7. 9. China Health Insurance Industry 7. 9. 1. China Health Insurance Market Size, 2005-2012 7. 9. 2. China Health insurance Claim Paid, 2005-2012 3  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research a nd should not be copied . 9. 3. China Health Insurance Market Future Outlook and Projection, 2013-2016 7. 10. Market Share of Major Non Life Insurers in China, 2011 7. 11. China Non-Life Insurance Market Future Outlook and Projection, 2013-2016 8. 9. China Insurance Industry Trends and Developments China Insurance Industry Future Projections, 2013-2016 9. 1. Cause and Effect Relationship Between Dependent and Independent Factors Prevailing in China Insurance Market 10. Company Profile of Major Players in China Life Insurance Industry 10. 1. China Life Insurance 10. 1. 1. Company Profile 10. 1. 2. Business Strategies 10. 1. 3.Financial Performance 10. 2. Ping An Life Insurance 10. 2. 1. Company Profile 10. 2. 2. Business Strategies 10. 2. 3. Financial Performance 10. 3. New China Life Insurance 10. 3. 1. Company Profile 10. 3. 2. Business Strategies 10. 3. 3. Financial Performance 11. Company Profile of Major Players in China Non-Life Insurance Industry 11. 1. Public Insurance Compan y of China (PICC) 11. 1. 1. Company Profile 11. 1. 2. Business Strategies 11. 1. 3. Financial Performance 11. 2. China Pacific Insurance (CPIC) 4  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied 11. 2. 1. Company Profile 11. 2. 2.Business Strategies 11. 2. 3. Financial Performance 12. China Insurance Industry Macro-Economic Indicators: Historical and Projections 12. 1. China Population, 2005-2016 12. 2. GDP of China, 2005-2016 12. 3. Healthcare Expenditure of China, 2005-2016 12. 4. Total Vehicle in Use in China, 2007-2016 13. Appendix 13. 1. Market Definitions 13. 2. Abbreviations 13. 3. Research Methodology Data Collection Methods Approach Variables (Dependent and Independent) Multi Factor Based Sensitivity Model Final Conclusion 13. 4. Disclaimer 5  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1: Asia-Pacific Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012P Figure 2: As ia-Pacific Insurance Market Segmentation by Life and non Life on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in Percentage, 2005-2012P Figure 3: Insurance Value Chain Figure 4: China Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 5: China Life Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 6: China Life Insurance Market Claim Paid on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 7: Market Share of Major Life Insurers on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in Percentage, 2012 Figure 8: China Life Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Figure 9: China Non Life Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 10: China Non life Insurance Market Segmentation by Property and Casualty and Health Insurance on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in Percentage, 2005-2012 Figure 11: Chin a Property and Casualty Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 12: China Property and Casualty Insurance Market Claim Paid on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 13: China Property and Casualty Insurance Market Segmentation by Motor, Commercial Property, Agricultural, Liability, Credit, Accident, Cargo and Others Insurance on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in Percentage, 2005-2012 Figure 14: Market Share of Major Property and Casualty Insurers on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in Percentage, 2012 Figure 15: China Property and Casualty Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 6  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied Figure 16: China Motor Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 17: China Motor Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Writ ten Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Figure 18: China Commercial Property Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 19: China Commercial Property Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013 -2016 Figure 20: China Agricultural Insurance MarketSize on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 21: China Agricultural Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Figure 22: China Liability Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 23: China Liability Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Figure 24: China Credit Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 25: China Credit Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Figure 26: China Accident Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 27: China Accident Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Figure 28: China Cargo Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 29: China Cargo Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Figure 30: China Health Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 7  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copiedFigure 31: China Health Insurance Market Claim Paid on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 Figure 32: China Health Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Figure 33: Market Share of Major Non Life Insurers on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in Percentage, 2011 Figure 34: China Non life Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Figure 35: China Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Figure 36: China Life Insurance Net Written Premium of China Life Insurance Company in USD Million, 2006-2012 Figure 37: China Life Insurance Premium Income of Ping An Life Insurance in USD Million, 2008-2012 Figure 38: China Life Insurance Premium Income of New China Life Insurance in USD Million, 2006-2012 Figure 39: China Life Insurance Premium Income of Public Insurance Company of China in USD Million, 2005-2011 Figure 40: China Life Insurance Gross Written Premium of China Pacific Insurance in USD Million, 2008-2011 Figure 41: China Population in Million, 2005-2016 Figure 42: GDP of China in USD Million, 2005-2016 Figure 43: Healthcare Expenditure of China in USD Million, 2005-2016 Figure 44: Total Vehicle in Use in China in Million, 2007-2016 8  © This i s a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied LIST OF TABLESTable 1: Asia-Pacific Insurance Market Segmentation by Countries on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Billion, 2005 -2012P Table 2: Asia-Pacific Insurance Market Segmentation by Life and Non Life on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Billion, 2005 -2012P Table 3: Asia-Pacific Insurance Market Projections by Countries on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Table 4: Market Share of Major Life Insurers on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2012 Table 5: Market Share of Major Property and Casualty Insurers on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2012 Table 6: Market Share of Major Non Life Insurers on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2011 Table 7: Cause and Effect Relationship Analysis between Industry Factors and Expected Industry Prospects of China Insurance Market Table 8: Correlation Matrix of China Insurance Indust ry Table 9: Regression Coefficients Output of China Insurance Industry 9  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied ASIA-PACIFIC INSURANCE MARKET SIZE BY DIRECT WRITTEN PREMIUM, 2005-2012P The insurance market in Asia-Pacific region has grown remarkably over the past few years due to the growth in the emerging markets such as China, Japan, India, Australia, Taiwan and South Korea. The countries in the Asia-Pacific region are at different stages of economic development unlike the European countries and the US which has created significant opportunities for the insurers in the region in order to serve the financial needs of the customers.The market in the region has grown at a CAGR of 11. 9% from USD ~ million in 2005 to USD ~million in 2012†¦ Figure: Asia-Pacific Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012P 16,00,000. 0 14,00,000. 0 12,00,000. 0 USD Million 10,00,000. 0 8,00,000. 0 6,00,000. 0 4,00,000. 0 2 ,00,000. 0 0. 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012P 10  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied ASIA-PACIFIC INSURANCE MARKET SEGMENTATION BY GEOGRAPHY, 2005-2012P Asia-Pacific insurance industry is majorly contributed by 6 major countries such as Japan, China, South Korea, Taiwan, India and Australia with the share of ~% in 2012.Japan insurance market is the second largest in the world with the contribution of more than ~% in 2012†¦. The China insurance industry is China insurance industry is one of one of the predominant markets in the insurance industry the predominant markets in the in the Asia-Pacific region with a contribution of ~% of the insurance industry in the AsiaPacific region with a contribution direct written premium in the region in 2012†¦ South Korea is the third largest market with a contribution of ~% in 2012. The country insurance sector is more complicated with limited growth opportunities in comparison with the gro wing market in the region such as China and India†¦ of ~% of the direct written premium in the region in 2012.Table: Asia-Pacific Insurance Market Segmentation by Countries on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Billion, 2005-2012P Countries Japan China South Korea Taiwan India Australia Hong Kong Singapore Thailand Malaysia 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012P 11  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied Indonesia New Zealand Philippines Vietnam Pakistan Kazakhstan Bangladesh Sri Lanka Total 12  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied CHINA INSURANCE INDUSTRY CHINA INSURANCE MARKET SIZE BY DIRECT WRITTEN PREMIUM, 2005-2012 The Chinese insurance industry has seen rapid expansion during 2005-2012 and will continue to see high growth rates in the next few years.The insurance market in the country has witnessed a compound annual growth rate of ~% in the last seven years and has recorded direct written premiu m of USD ~ million in 2012†¦ Figure: China Insurance Market Size on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 3,00,000. 0 2,50,000. 0 USD Million 2,00,000. 0 1,50,000. 0 1,00,000. 0 50,000. 0 0. 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Note:Life Insurance is in Premium Income Non-Life Insurance is in Premium Income 13  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied CHINA LIFE INSURANCE MARKET CHINA LIFE INSURANCE CLAIM PAID, 2005-2012 China life insurance industry has paid a claim of USD 20,128. million in 2011 due to an occurrence of natural disaster in mainland China in the first half of 2011. China has been the world’s most existing marketplace for global insurers for a decade and it looks set to retain its status in the near future. The country life insurance industry has experienced an incline in claim paid from USD ~ million in 2010 to USD ~ million in 2011†¦. . Figure: China Life Insurance Market Claim Paid on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 25,000. 0 20,000. 0 USD Million 15,000. 0 10,000. 0 5,000. 0 0. 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Note:Life Insurance is in Premium Income 14  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copiedMARKET SHARE OF MAJOR LIFE INSURERS IN CHINA, 2012 China life insurance industry is a concentrated market with top five players contributing around ~% of the total life insurance direct written premium in 2012. China life is the leading player in China life insurance industry with the contribution of approximately ~% of the total direct written premium of the life insurance industry in China in 2012†¦. Figure 1: Market Share of Major Life Insurers on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in Percentage, 2012 China Life shares Ping An Life New China Life CPIC Life PICC Life Taikang TPL (Taiping Life) Sino Life Others Note: Life Insurance is in Premium IncomeTable: Market Share of Major Life Insurers on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2012 Players China Life shares Ping An Life New China Life 2012 15  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied CPIC Life PICC Life Taikang TPL Sino Life Others Total Source: Insurance Association of China and Ken Research Note:Life Insurance is in Premium Income CHINA NON-LIFE INSURANCE MARKET NON-LIFE INSURANCE SEGMENTATION, 2005-2012 The country non life insurance market is dominated by property and casualty segment with the contribution of ~% in 2012†¦ The motor vehicle is the leading contributor in property and casualty segment China non life insurance market is dominated by property and with the share of around ~% in 2012.The motor vehicle casualty segment with the insurance is divided into two types such as compulsory contribution of ~% in 2012. liability and voluntary insurance. The second largest contributor in property and casualty segment is property with the share of approximately ~% in 201 2 followed by agricultural insurance with the share of ~% in 2012. The health insurance market contributes ~% of the non life insurance industry in China in 2012. The private health insurance coverage in the country has expanded and now it covers approximately ~% of China’s population. The health insurance coverage in the country has grown at an impressive rate of ~% annually over the past 10 years.The number of health insurance plan in the country has also increased from around ~ in 2008 to over ~ in 2011. 16  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied Figure 2: China Non life Insurance Market Segmentation by Property and Casualty and Health Insurance on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in Percentage, 2005-2012 100. 0% 90. 0% 80. 0% 70. 0% 60. 0% 50. 0% 40. 0% 30. 0% 20. 0% 10. 0% 0. 0% 2005 2006 Health Note:Non-Life Insurance is in Premium Income In Percentage % 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Property and Casualty CHINA PROPERTY AND CASUALTY I NSURANCE INDUSTRY CHINA PROPERTY AND CASUALTY INSURANCE CLAIM PAID, 2005-2012The Chinese property and casualty insurance industry has paid USD ~ million claims in 2011 in which approximately USD ~ was paid in August 2011 which was recorded as the highest claim paid in the year†¦ In 2009, the combined ratio of property and casualty insurance industry has improved to ~% and this positive trend in the market is accelerated in 2010 and in the first half of 2011 in which the industry has recorded the combined ratio of ~% and ~% respectively for the top three insurers in the country which include PICC, Ping An Property and Casualty and CPIC Fiscal. 17  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied Figure: China Property and Casualty Insurance Market Claim Paid on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2005-2012 50,000. 0 45,000. 0 40,000. USD Million 35,000. 0 30,000. 0 25,000. 0 20,000. 0 15,000. 0 10,000. 0 5,000. 0 0. 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 20 09 2010 2011 2012 Note:Property and Casualty Insurance is in Premium Income CHINA MOTOR INSURANCE INDUSTRY CHINA MOTOR INSURANCE MARKET FUTURE OUTLOOK AND PROJECTION, 2013-2016 †¦The country automobile insurance market is expected to earn direct written premium of USD ~ million in 2016 which is up from USD ~ million in 2011. This is due to an expected increase in the car ownership in the country as there are only 35 million cars for the population of ~ billion in 2011. 18  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copiedFigure: China Motor Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 1,80,000. 0 1,60,000. 0 1,40,000. 0 USD Million 1,20,000. 0 1,00,000. 0 80,000. 0 60,000. 0 40,000. 0 20,000. 0 0. 0 2013 Note:Motor Insurance is in Premium Income 2014 2015 2016 19  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied ASIA-PACIFIC INSURANCE INDUSTRY FUTURE OUTLOOK †¦Overall, the market of the Asia-Pacific insurance is expected to grow at a CAGR of 11. 2% from 2013-2016. The market in the near future is expected to witness consolidation and higher competition level with the entrance of more global players in the market†¦ ASIA-PACIFIC INSURANCE INDUSTRY FUTURE PROJECTIONSBY GEOGRAPHY, 2013-2016 The Asia-Pacific Insurance industry is expected to grow at a CAGR of 11. 2% from 2013-2016 on account of rising population in the emerging market of Asia such as India and China. It is anticipated that the total direct written premium of the insurance products will increase to USD ~ million in 2016 from USD ~ million in 2012. Table: Asia-Pacific Insurance Market Projections by Countries on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 Countries Japan China South Korea Taiwan India Australia Hong Kong Singapore Thailand 2013 2014 2015 2016 20  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copiedMalaysia Indonesia New Zealand Philippines Vietnam Pakistan Kazakhstan Bangladesh Sri Lanka Total CHINA INSURANCE INDUSTRY FUTURE PROJECTIONS, 2013-2016 In the base case scenario analysis the insurance industry in the country is expected to grow at a phenomenal rate of 17. 7% in the next four years and is predicted to record the direct written premium of USD ~ million in 2016†¦ The worst case scenario analysis assumes that the country insurance market is anticipated to grow at a marginal rate of 6. 9% from 2013-2016 in comparison to the historical years†¦ The best case scenario analysis predicts the remarkable growth of 28. 5% in the next five years.The country’s insurance market is expected to record direct written premium of USD ~ million by 2016. 21  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied Figure: China Insurance Market Projections on the Basis of Direct Written Premium in USD Million, 2013-2016 8,00,000. 0 7,00,000. 0 6,00,000. 0 USD Million 5,00,000. 0 4,00,000. 0 3,00,00 0. 0 2,00,000. 0 1,00,000. 0 0. 0 2013 Worst Case Note:Life Insurance is in Premium Income Non-Life Insurance is in Premium Income 2014 Base Case 2015 Best Case 2016 22  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPENDENT AND INDEPENDENT FACTORS PREVAILING IN CHINA INSURANCE MARKETTable: Cause and Effect Relationship Analysis between Industry Factors and Expected Industry Prospects of China Insurance Market Industry Factors Strict Government Regulations and Support Increasing Population Market Impact Comments ? Cause: ? Positive Effect: ? Cause: ? Effect: ? Cause: ? Effect: ? Cause: ? Positive Effect: ? Negative Effect: Increasing Consumer Spending Intensifying Competition DISCLAIMER No part of this manual or any material appearing may be reproduced, stored in or transmitted on any other Web site without written permission of Ken Research and any payments of a specified fee. Requests to republish any material may be sent to us. 23  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied